Phospho-specific antibodies’ typical purpose is to enable researchers to detect changes in proteins. They will exclusively bind to the amino acid sequence on a protein that has been phosphorylated (which is both a physical & chemical change) and do not bind to the same amino acid sequence on said protein if it lacks said phosphorylation. This aids in being able to clearly see and understand the data produced from this particular protein modification.
Viewing 1450-1500 of 5299 product results
WB (Western Blot) (Western blot analysis of extracts from Hela cells, untreated (-) or treated, 1:2000. Secondary antibody was diluted at 1:20000 cells nucleus extracted by Minute TM Cytoplasmic and Nuclear Fractionation kit (SC-003,Inventbiotech,MN,USA).)
WB (Western Blot) (Western blot analysis of extracts from Hela cells, untreated (-) or treated, 1:2000. Secondary antibody was diluted at 1:20000 cells nucleus extracted by Minute TM Cytoplasmic and Nuclear Fractionation kit (SC-003,Inventbiotech,MN,USA).)
WB (Western Blot) (Western Blot analysis of Hela treated or untreated by LPS lysis, using primary antibody at 1:1000 dilution. Secondary antibody)
IHC (Immunohistochemistry) (Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human tonsil. 1, Antibody was diluted at 1:200(4 degree overnight). 2, Tris-EDTA,pH9.0 was used for antigen retrieval. 3,Secondary antibody was diluted at 1:200(room temperature, 45min).)
WB (Western Blot) (Western blot analysis of lysates from K562 cells, primary antibody was diluted at 1:1000, 4 degree over night)
IHC (Immunohistochemistry) (Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human liver cancer. 1, Antibody was diluted at 1:200(4 degree overnight). 2, Tris-EDTA,pH9.0 was used for antigen retrieval. 3,Secondary antibody was diluted at 1:200(room temperature, 45min).)
WB (Western Blot) (Western Blot analysis of Hela cell lysis treated or untreated by EGF 20ng/ml 30'.. Primary Antibody was diluted at 1:1000. Secondary antibody( was diluted at 1:10000)
WB (Western Blot) (Western blot analysis of Rac1(Phospho-Ser71) antibody in 293 cells lysates, cell treated or untreated with PMA 125ng/ml 30', 4 degree C over night, secondary antibody(cat: SA0002 was diluted at 1:10000, 37 degree C 1hour.)
WB (Western Blot) (Western blot analysis of extracts from Hela cells, 1:2000. Secondary antibody was diluted at 1:20000 cells nucleus extracted by Minute TM Cytoplasmic and Nuclear Fractionation kit (SC-003,Inventbiotech,MN,USA).)
WB (Western Blot) (Western Blot analysis of various cell lysis(provided by our customer). Primary Antibody was diluted at 1:1000. Secondary antibody(was diluted at 1:10000)
WB (Western Blot) (Western blot analysis of lysates from Jurkat cells, using Catalase (Phospho-Tyr385) Antibody. The lane on the right is blocked with the phospho peptide.)
WB (Western Blot) (Western blot analysis of lysates from K562 cells, using CD171/N-CAML1 (Phospho-Ser1181) Antibody. The lane on the right is blocked with the phospho peptide.)
WB (Western Blot) (Western blot analysis of PP1-alpha (Phospho-Thr320) Antibody. The lane on the right is blocked with the PP1-alpha (Phospho-Thr320) peptide.)
WB (Western Blot) (Western blot analysis of Phospho-Retinoblastoma (Ser795) expression in various lysates)
IHC (Immunohistochemisry) (AAA321484 at 1/200 staining human brain tissue sections by IHC-P. The tissue was formaldehyde fixed and a heat mediated antigen retrieval step in citrate buffer was performed. The tissue was then blocked and incubated with the antibody for 1.5 hours at 22 degree C. An HRP conjugated goat anti-rabbit antibody was used as the secondary.)
IF (Immunofluorescence) (AAA321484 staining MOLT by IF/ICC. The sample were fixed with PFA and permeabilized in 0.1% Triton X-100, then blocked in 10% serum for 45 minutes at 25 degree C. The primary antibody was diluted at 1/200 and incubated with the sample for 1 hour at 37 degree C. An Alexa Fluor 594 conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (H+L) Ab, diluted at 1/600, was used as the secondary antibody.)
WB (Western Blot) (Western blot analysis of Retinoblastoma phosphorylation expression in serum treated K562 whole cell lysates, The lane on the left is treated with the antigen-specific peptide.)
IF (Immunofluorescence) (AAA321535 staining HeLa by IF/ICC. The sample were fixed with PFA and permeabilized in 0.1% Triton X-100, then blocked in 10% serum for 45 minutes at 25 degree C. The primary antibody was diluted at 1/200 and incubated with the sample for 1 hour at 37 degree C. An Alexa Fluor 594 conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (H+L) Ab, diluted at 1/600, was used as the secondary antibody.)
WB (Western Blot) (Western blot analysis of Phospho-RFA2 (Thr21) expression in various lysates)
IHC (Immunohiostchemistry) (AAA321535 at 1/200 staining human brain tissue sections by IHC-P. The tissue was formaldehyde fixed and a heat mediated antigen retrieval step in citrate buffer was performed. The tissue was then blocked and incubated with the antibody for 1.5 hours at 22 degree C. An HRP conjugated goat anti-rabbit antibody was used as the secondary.)
WB (Western Blot) (Western blot analysis of RFA2 phosphorylation expression in Adriamycin treated HeLa whole cell lysates, The lane on the left is treated with the antigen-specific peptide.)
IF (Immunofluorescence) (AAA321579 staining K562 by IF/ICC. The sample were fixed with PFA and permeabilized in 0.1% Triton X-100, then blocked in 10% serum for 45 minutes at 25 degree C. The primary antibody was diluted at 1/200 and incubated with the sample for 1 hour at 37 degree C. An Alexa Fluor 594 conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (H+L) Ab, diluted at 1/600, was used as the secondary antibody.)
IHC (Immunohistochemisry) (AAA321579 at 1/200 staining human kidney carcinoma tissue sections by IHC-P. The tissue was formaldehyde fixed and a heat mediated antigen retrieval step in citrate buffer was performed. The tissue was then blocked and incubated with the antibody for 1.5 hours at 22 degree C. An HRP conjugated goat anti-rabbit antibody was used as the secondary.)
WB (Western Blot) (Western blot analysis of MKP-1/2 phosphorylation expression in heatshockK562 whole cell lysates, The lane on the left is treated with the antigen-specific peptide.)
WB (Western Blot) (Western blot analysis of Phospho-MKP-1/2 (Ser296/318) Antibody expression in heatshock treated K562 cells lysates.The lane on the right is treated with the antigen-specific peptide.)
WB (Western Blot) (Western blot analysis of Phospho-Catenin beta (Tyr489)expression in various lysates)
WB (Western Blot) (Western blot analysis of Catenin-beta phosphorylation expression in UV treated COS7 whole cell lysates, The lane on the left is treated with the antigen-specific peptide.)
IHC (Immunohistochemisry) (AAA321596 at 1/100 staining Mouse colon tissue by IHC-P. The sample was formaldehyde fixed and a heat mediated antigen retrieval step in citrate buffer was performed. The sample was then blocked and incubated with the antibody for 1.5 hours at 22 degree C. An HRP conjugated goat anti-rabbit antibody was used as the secondary.)
IF (Immunofluorescence) (AAA321596 staining SW626 by IF/ICC. The sample were fixed with PFA and permeabilized in 0.1% Triton X-100, then blocked in 10% serum for 45 minutes at 25 degree C. The primary antibody was diluted at 1/200 and incubated with the sample for 1 hour at 37 degree C. An Alexa Fluor 594 conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (H+L) Ab, diluted at 1/600, was used as the secondary antibody.)
WB (Western Blot) (Western blot analysis of Phospho-Catenin beta (Tyr489) Antibody expression in mouse kidney and rat liver tissues lysates.)
WB (Western Blot) (Western blot analysis of extracts of pc-3 cells treated with Calyculin A, using Phospho-KIF1B (Ser1487) Antibody.)
IHC (Immunohistochemistry) (AAA321341 at 1/100 staining Human thyroid cancer tissue by IHC-P. The sample was formaldehyde fixed and a heat mediated antigen retrieval step in citrate buffer was performed. The sample was then blocked and incubated with the antibody for 1.5 hours at 22 degree C. An HRP conjugated goat anti-rabbit antibody was used as the secondary.)
IF (Immunofluorescence) (AAA321438 staining HuvEc by IF/ICC. The sample were fixed with PFA and permeabilized in 0.1% Triton X-100, then blocked in 10% serum for 45 minutes at 25 degree C. The primary antibody was diluted at 1/200 and incubated with the sample for 1 hour at 37 degree C. An Alexa Fluor 594 conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (H+L) Ab, diluted at 1/600, was used as the secondary antibody.)
WB (Western Blot) (Western blot analysis of p95/NBS1 phosphorylation expression in Jurkat whole cell lysates, The lane on the left is treated with the antigen-specific peptide.)
WB (Western Blot) (Western blot analysis of Phospho-p95/NBS1 (Ser343) expression in various lysates)
IF (Immunofluorescence) (Glypican genes dally and dlp were required for JAK/STAT signaling activity and Upd distribution. A-B: dally was expressed in the eye discs in both 2nd instar larval stage (A-A") and early 3rd instar larval stage (B-B"). Expression of dally was marked by dally-lacZ (red in A' and B'), and overlapped with pSTAT staining (green in A-B).(References: Yan Zhang. ect. Drosophila glypicans Dally and Dally-like are essential regulators for JAK/STAT signaling and Unpaired distribution in eye development. Dev Biol. 2013 Mar 1;375(1):23-32. doi: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2012.12.019. Epub 2013 Jan 8.))
WB (Western Blot) (The levels of pStat92E and Stat92E are diminished in p115-depleted GSCs. (D) Western blot analysis and quantification of the levels of pStat92E protein in adult testes with indicated genotypes. b-Tubulin was used as blotting control. Data are shown as mean ± SD (n = 3). Two-tailed Student's t test was used. *p < 0.05.(References: Ruiyan Kong. ect. A feedforward loop between JAK/STAT downstream target p115 and STAT in germline stem cells. Stem Cell Reports. 2023 Oct 10;18(10):1940-1953. doi: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2023.08.007. Epub 2023 Sep 7.))
DB (Dot Blot) (AbFlex ATM phospho Ser1981 antibody specifity Dot blot analysis was used to confirm the specificity of ATM phospho Ser1981 antibody. Single-stranded DNA oligonucleotides (amount of oligo in nanograms listed on the left side of the blot) were spotted on to a positively charged nylon membrane and blotted with antibody (0.5 ug/ml dilution). 1: ATM phospho serine 1981 (SLAFEEG(Sph)QSTTISS) 2: H2AX phospho serine 139 (CKATQA[Sph]QEY) 3: ATM unmodified serine 1981 (SLAFEEGSQSTTISS) 4: NBS phospho serine 343 (CPGPSL[Sph]QGVS) 5: BRCA1 phospho serine 1423 (LEQHG[Sph]QSNSC))
WB (Western Blot) (AbFlex ATM phospho Ser1981 antibody (rAb) tested by Western blot. 20 ug HeLa nuclear extract (high salt preparation) untreated (lane 1) or treated with VP16 at 100 uM for 8 hrs (Lane 2), probed with 1 ug/ml ATM phospho Ser1981 antibody. For optimal results, primary antibody incubations should be performed at room temperature. The addition of 0.1% Tween 20 to all Blotto solutions may also reduce background. Individual optimization may be required.)
WB (Western Blot) (RNA pol II phospho Ser2 antibody (mAb) tested by Western blot. HeLa nuclear extract (20 ug per lane) probed with RNA pol II phospho Ser2 antibody (mAb) at a 1 ug/ml dilution.)
IF (Immunofluorescence) (Detection of RNA Pol II pS2 by immunofluorescence. U2OS cells were stained with RNA Pol II pS2 antibody at a dilution of 1:500. Left panel: DAPI. Middle panel: RNA Pol II pS2 antibody staining. Right panel: merge.)
ChIP (Chromatin Immunoprecipitation) (RNA pol II CTD phospho Ser2 antibody (mAb) tested by ChIP-Seq. ChIP-Seq was performed in a bladder cancer cell line using RNA pol II CTD phospho Ser5 antibody and RNA pol II CTD phospho Ser2 antibody . The average ChIP-Seq signal across all genes is shown in the graphic. As expected Pol II phosphoserine 5 is enriched at promoters and phosphoserine 2 is enriched toward the 3’ end of genes.)
ChIP (Chromatin Immunoprecipitation) (RNA pol II CTD phospho Ser2 antibody (mAb) tested by ChIP-Seq. ChIP was performed using the ChIP-IT High Sensitivity Kit with chromatin from 2.3 million HL-60 cells and 10 ug of antibody. ChIP DNA was sequenced on the Illumina HiSeq and 22 million sequence tags were mapped to identify RNA pol II phospho Ser2 binding. Data is compared to ChIP-Seq data using a phospho Ser5 antibody (61085). ChIP-Seq data from three specific genes is shown as an example. The Pol II phospho Ser2 antibody detects polymerase more toward the 3´ end of the genes and the phospho Ser5 antibody detects Pol II more at the 5´ end of the genes.)
ChIP (Chromatin Immunoprecipitation) (RNA pol II CTD phospho Ser2 antibody (mAb) tested by ChIP. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) was performed using the ChIP-IT High Sensitivity Kit with 10 ug of chromatin from human myeloma LP1 cells and 20 ug RNA pol II CTD phospho Ser2 antibody. ChIP DNA was used in qPCR with the control primer pairs or gene-specific primer pairs as indicated. Data are presented as Binding Events Detected per 1000 Cells using Epigenetic Services normalization scheme which accounts for primer efficiency and the amount of chromatin used in the ChIP reaction.)
IHC (Immunohiostchemistry) (Formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded human cancer tissue reacted with the primary antibody, which was peroxidase-conjugated to the secondary antibody, followed by AEC staining. This data demonstrates the use of this antibody for immunohistochemistry; clinical relevance has not been evaluated. BC = breast carcinoma; HC = hepatocarcinoma.)
DB (Dot Blot) (Dot blot analysis of anti-Phospho-ABL1-Y134 Antibody on nitrocellulose membrane. 50ng of Phospho-peptide or Non Phospho-peptide per dot were adsorbed. Antibody working concentrations are 0.5ug per ml.)
IHC (Immunohiostchemistry) (Immunohistochemistry analysis of paraffin-embedded human lymph node tissue using IkappaB-alpha (Phospho-Tyr305) antibody.)
WB (Western Blot) (Western blot analysis of extracts from COS7 cells, treated with nocodazole (1ug/ml, 16hours), using IkappaB-alpha (Phospho-Tyr305) antibody.)
Application Data (The TFact B-Myb (Phospho-Ser577/581) DNA-Binding ELISA detects active B-Myb (Phospho-Ser577/581) in HepG2 and MCF7 Nuclear Extract. The HepG2 and MCF7 cells were grown 3 days in DMEM with 10% FBS and harvested for nuclear extract.)
Application Data (The TFact c-Jun DNA-Binding ELISA kits detect active c-Jun in Hela Nuclear Extract. The Hela cells were grown 3 days in DMEM with 10% FBS and harvested for nuclear extract. The Hela cells were stimulated by UV (100J/M2) before harvest.)
Protein phosphorylation is a process where a phosphate group is added to certain amino acid residues of a protein – usually serine (S), threonine (T), or tyrosine (Y) - by enzymes called kinases. This process is integral in controlling cellular signaling, cellular growth, and other biological functions.
Our catalog includes a wide range of phospho-specific antibodies that can accurately detect this important marker. They perform strongly in widely-used laboratory applications such as Western blot, flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence microscopy. We value your trust in us and are committed to providing top-quality products and services. All of our antibodies are guaranteed to work for the applications and species indicated on our website & associated product pages.
What Are The Key Applications of Phospho Antibodies?
1. Western Blotting
One of the first steps a researcher can take in utilizing these phospho-specific antibodies, is to check if the antibody works using a technique referred to as “Western blot”. For those unfamiliar, Western Blot aids in showing whether the protein that the antibody recognizes is appearing at the correct/expected size. These phospho-specific antibodies should also be able to detect changes in the target protein’s phosphorylation (on/off state) when cells are stimulated in certain ways.
2. Staining of Fixed Cells (Immunocytochemistry)
Another routine use of these phospho-specific antibodies, is to test if the antibody is able to demonstrate similar performance when used on fixed cells (intact cells that have been preserved) as it did in the Western blot tests. It is an important aspect in many cases to confirm that the antibody works in actual intact cell samples. Ideally, the method used for cellular fixation should be the same as what is used in pathology labs (like using 10% formalin). To check if the antibody works well in tissue sections (FFPE), researchers will often test it on fixed cells that are processed similar to tissue samples.
3. Specificity Tests Using Peptides
In order to make sure that the antibody is only binding to the right target:
Laboratory technicians will mix the antibody with phospho-peptides (short segments of the protein containing the phosphate group modification).
If the antibody signal disappears, it is confirmation that it is binding to the correct phosphorylated location.
A more robust test is to use both the phosphorylated and non-phosphorylated (dephosphorylated) versions of the protein. The antibody should react only with the phosphorylated one.
Another method sometimes utilized is to treat the sample with an enzyme, such as alkaline phosphatase, that specifically removes phosphate groups. If the antibody signal disappears after this, it also confirms specificity.
4. Genetic Confirmation
As a final step, scientists can genetically manipulate the nucleotide sequence and alter the target protein by removing the exact site where phosphorylation happens. If the antibody no longer appears to detect the modified protein, it is strong evidence supporting the antibody being specific for that phosphorylated site.
Why Buy Phospho Antibodies Through Us?
The production laboratory adheres to strict and consistent protocols prior to releasing any of these phospho-specific antibodies:
Standard methods and proper controls in all tests to ensure high quality.
These antibodies are tested and validated in different cell types and species.
High quality control criterion to ensure each batch is consistent, so you will obtain reliable results every time.
FAQ
1. What Are Phospho-Specific Antibodies?
Phospho-specific antibodies are made to detect proteins only when they have a phosphate group linked to a specific amino acid residue. This empowers scientists understand if a protein is "turned on" or active, based on its phosphorylation state.
2. How to Detect Phosphorylated Proteins in a Western Blot?
To find out if a protein is phosphorylated using Western blot:
Use a phospho-specific antibody that binds only to the phosphorylated form of the protein.
You can also use a “regular” antibody for the same amino acid sequence of the protein that the phospho-specific antibody is binding to (but in this case, this antibody will not bind if there is a phosphate group present) in order to compare how much of it is phosphorylated versus how much is non-phosphorylated (or “total” protein, if the “normal” antibody’s epitopes are non-phospho-site-specific).
3. How to Choose the Best Antibody?
Here are some simple tips to help you pick the right antibody:
Know your target
Match your sample characteristics
Confirm the intended use is appropriate
Check “host” and “type”
Check the “quality” of the presented data/images
Appraise whether the available validation meets your needs
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