Search results for " Toxoplasma"

Application Data (Published customer image: gamma delta T cells are the primary source of IL-17 during B. abortus infection. C57BL/6 mice were infected i.p. with 5x104 CFUs of B. abortus 2308, and two weeks later gamma delta T cells (>95% purity) and an enriched TCRalphabeta (~55% CD4+, 25% CD8+) cell fraction were isolated from the spleens of infected mice. Cells were stimulated with 500 ng/ml ionomycin and 50 ng/ml PMA for three days, and cell-free supernatants from triplicate wells were assayed for cytokine production via ELISA. The mean +/- SD is shown; * P)

Application Data (Published customer image: B. abortus infection does not induce IL-17 or IFN- gamma production by gamma delta T cells. A. Splenocytes from na¯ve or B. abortus-infected mice (7 dpi) were stimulated overnight with PMA/Ionomycin and brefeldin A was added for the last 3 h of culture. Following surface staining, cells were permeabilized and stained for intracellular IL-17 or IFN-?. Top panel, the proportion of IL-17 producing gamma delta T cells was determined following gating on lymphocytes. Second panel from top, cells were gated on CD4+ (CD3+) T cells and assayed for IL-17 production. Third panel from top, cells were gated on gamma delta T cells (CD3+/TCR gamma delta +) and assayed for IFN- gamma production. Bottom panel, cells were gated on CD4+ (CD3+) T cells and assayed for IFN- gamma production. Depicted is the mean +/- SD of 5 mice/group and is representative of two independent experiments. B. gamma delta T cells were sorted from na¯ve or B. abortus-infected (7 dpi) mice and stimulated for 72 h with PMA/Ionomycin. Cytokine levels in supernatant were determined by ELISA. Depicted is the mean +/- SD of triplicate wells. *P)

Application Data (Published customer image: Bovine gamma delta T cells impair B. abortus replication in autologous macrophages via IFN- gamma . A. -F. Bovine macrophages were infected with B. abortus (30 bacteria:1 macrophage) and then fresh media or media containing autologous gamma delta T cells were added to infected macrophages. A., C., E. Macrophage colonization (triplicate wells/treatment) was monitored over time. *P)

Application Data (Published customer image: gamma delta T cells require TNF-alpha to protect against B. abortus infection. C57BL/6 mice treated with anti-TCR gamma delta mAb or hamster IgG on day -1 and day 3 post-infection with 5x104 CFUs of B. abortus 2308. Some mice were also neutralized of their TNF-alpha on days -1 and 3. Seven days after infection, A. splenic weights and B. extent of brucellae colonization were determined. The mean +/- SEM of 10 mice/group is depicted; *P)

Application Data (Published customer image: Comparative IL-12 and IFN&gamma responses of neonatal and adult MLN cells following TLR agonist stimulation. Neonatal (closed circles) and adult (open squares) MLN cells were cultured in vitro with or without 12.5 ug/ml polyI:C, 0.5 ug/ml R-848 or 5 ug/ml Gardiquimod. Supernatants were harvested after 48 h of culture and ELISA was carried out for IL-12 (A) and IFN? (B) secretion. Non-specific cell stimulation was also carried out with 50 ng/ml PMA combined with 500 ng/ml ionomycin, with the supernatants assayed for IFN? detection 48 h later (C). Each circle or square represents one neonate or one adult, respectively. Medians are shown for each stimulus. Non-parametric Mann-Whitney tests were used to compare data for neonates and adults: *p=0.01; **p=0.005; ***p=0.001; ****p=0.0005.From: Ferret-Bernard S, Remot A, Lacroix-Lamand© S, Metton C, Bernardet N, et al. (2010) Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Strong Neonatal IL-12 Response of Lamb Mesenteric Lymph Node Cells to R-848. PLoS ONE 5(10): e13705.)

Application Data (Published customer image: IFN-gamma response (log10 scale) in mesenteric lymph nodes, Peyer's Patches, popliteal LN and PBMC against GRA7, TLA and MIC3 in function of time.From: Verhelst D, De Craeye S, Entrican G, Dorny P, Cox E. Parasite distribution and associated immune response during the acute phase of Toxoplasma gondii infection in sheep. BMC Vet Res. 2014 Dec 16;10(1):293.)

Application Data (Published customer image: Identification of recombinant antibodies with specificity for bIL-2. PBMC from a cow naturally infected with M. bovis were cultured in the presence of PPD-B to allow screening of candidate bIL-2 by ICS flow cytometry. Panel A shows the histogram gating strategy used to interrogate responses in singlet, live CD4+ lymphocytes. Panel B shows the measurement of detectable IL-2 and/or IFN- gamma within the CD4+ population for each of 6 candidate IL-2 antibody clones. The clone number is shown in the top left corner of each histogram and the percentage of CD4+ cell in which co-expression of IFN- gamma and IL-2 could be detected is shown in the top right of each histogram. Data are representative of 1 of 2 independent experiments.From: Whelan AO, Villarreal-Ramos B, Vordermeier HM, Hogarth PJ (2011) Development of an Antibody to Bovine IL-2 Reveals Multifunctional CD4 TEM Cells in Cattle Naturally Infected with Bovine Tuberculosis. PLoS ONE 6(12): e29194.)